Combined door check and closer.



A. F. BARDWELL.

COMBINED DOOR OHBGK AND CLOSER.

.AI'ILIOA'IIIIUH' FILED JUNE 24, 1909.

Patented Aug. 1, 1911.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1- WTESS'ES' I 'w? 1 A. F. BARDWELL. COMBINED DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24,1909.

Patented Aug. 1, 1911.

a SHEETS-$11331 2.

1.1 V1 7 V j 3 1 1m INVENTOR I Allarney A. P. BARDWELL. GOMBINBD DOOR, GHBGK AND CLOSER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1909.

Patented Aug. 1, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' HVVENTOR 1 a m u A WlyEssfs 6. 4 1

GOMBINED DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

Application filed June 24. 1-1 -11 3.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR F. BARDWELL, of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Door Checks and Closers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in combined door checks and closers of the wing piston type. Heretofore in this type of check and closer, the wing'piston which moves in a plane around and concentric with the shaft, has been secured rigidly to the shaft.

The object of the present invention is-to provide means whereby the piston acts as a brake, thus reducing the pressure of the liquid within the check, and permitting the use of larger escape openings thereby obviating to a large extent, the danger of derangement, due to clogging of the by-pass ports.

A. further object is to provide simple and effective means for preventing the escape of liquid from the liquid chamber around the shaft. 1

A further object is to pr'ovideta device of the character described, of substantially the" same shape at both ends, with, the shaft-- thereof projecting at both ends, so that it may be used for either end up, and for right or left hand doors.

A further object is to so connect the shaft and piston, that deflection of the shaft does not bind the piston in its cylinder.

lVith these and other objects in view my invention consists in the parts and combination of parts, and in the details of con struction as will. be more fully explained and pointed out in the claims.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 1911.

Serial No. 504,140.

spring chamber, a portion only of the'spring being shown, and Fig. 5 is a view in plan and partly in section through the piston or liquid chamber.

The shell or casing, is composed, of two sections 1 and 2, the section 1 having a seat 3 and a threaded flange 3 at its open end, to receive and engage the threaded open end of the section 2, and is provided with a seat 4 on which the ,cylinder head 5' rests. This cylinder head is provided. at its periphery with a flange 6 terminating in the plane of the seat 8*,so that a single packing 7 introduced between seat 3*, flange 6 and end of section 2 of the casing, serves to pack not only the joint between the cylinder head 5 and section 2, but also the joint between the sections 1 and 2 of the shell or casing.

Section 2 of the casing contains the springl and is provided internally with lugs 8 which operate to hold the spring concentric with the shaft 9, while assembling the parts, while the wing piston 26 rests, and has a circular movement within the cylinder in sectionl concentric with the shaft 9. Shaft 9 passes through the outer end of section 2, through head 5, and through the outer end of section 1, and projects at each end sufficiently for the'attachment of the lever arm, the two ends of the shaft being made angular as shown for the rigid attachment of the lever arm 11, and eachis also provided in its end with a screw hole to receive the screw 12 of the cap 18, which latter is designed to be secured to the downwardly projecting end of the shaft, and cover and inclose the latter and add to the finish and appearance of the device. Passing through the outer end of section 2 and embracing. the shaft 9, is the sleeve 14, provided at its outer end with the ratchet wheel '15 the teeth of which are so formed as shown in Fig. 2, as to positively prevent the application of any power to the spring through sleeve 1 1 except in a direction to wind up or increase the tension of The cylinder head 5, is provided with a hub 19 through which the shaft 9 passes, and

in which is located the packing 20. This packing may be leather, fiber or other washers coated 0r saturated with a sealing compound, and held in place by the externally threaded nut 21 which latter closely e1nbraces the shaft 9 and is screwed to the hub 19,; the portion of the'sliaft 9 within the-hub being provided with a series of peripheral grooves 22, into wliichthe packing is forced the pin 24, which latter projects outwardly beyond the sleeve, and rests loosely in the vertical groove 25 formed in the Wing piston 26. This sleeve and pin hold the shaft.

against endwise movement, and the sleeve is grooved on ts outer side at both-ends as shown in Fig. ,3 and is also provided at one end with a counterbore' forming an air chamber and also a chamber into which the oil forced during the closing movement may escape to the opposite side of the piston.

Duringthe closing movement of the door, if any liquid between the piston and abutment should leal-z over the sleeve and into the counterbore in the latter, it will be free to pass around to the opposite side of the abutment, upon which side-there is no pressure,

and escape through the gr0ove,'and thereby eliminate all pressure upon the packing around the shaft. If any liquid should leak 'under the sleeve it is free to pass around to the opposite side of the abutment and escape through the lower groove. The piston :26

substantially triangular in horizontal section; is concaved at its inner end to conform to the surface of the sleeve 23, and is convex at its outer end to conform'to the inner wall of the piston chamber. The outer enlarged end of the piston is provided at its outer front edge with the lip 26, against which the liquid is compressed when the door is released and permitted to close under theinfiuence of the spring, whereby the piston, which as before explained is loosely connected to shaft 9 by pin Qfis forced against the wall of the cylinder or liquid chamber and acts as a frictional brake.

By loosely connecting .the piston to the shaft, a flexible action s obtained between the shaft and piston which permits the piston to conform to the cylinder at all times and under all conditions. It also provides for inequalities in the manufacture and wear, andat all times provides a perfect joint between the cylinder and piston.

-This reduction in pressure permits of the use of .larger bye-pass openings, thus avoid ing to a large extent the danger of clogging. Again by employing a looseconnection between the piston and shaft, the piston will not bind, or be cramped by any deflection of the shaft; r I i The abutment 27 is fixed within the cylinder, and is provided with a port 28 having a ball valve 29, which latter is retained in place by the wall of the cylinder and whiclr is closed by the pressure of the liquid against same while the piston is moving toward the pressure side of same, as when the door is closing, and which opens to permit of the free passage of liquid to the front of the piston, as the latter moves away from the pressure side of the abutment, as when the door is being opened. This ball Valve may be seated in the piston instead of in the abutment as shown. As the door closes, the liquid under pressure between piston and abutment, passes out through theport' 30 into by-pass 31 and out through port 32to a point in rear of the abutment and also in rear of the piston.-

The size of the by-pass opening is regulated in the well known manner by the valve 33 the stem which is provided with a thumb disk 34 by which it is turned to increase or decrease the size of the escape passage.

'"By making the casing alike at its ends, and projecting the shaft at both ends, the device can be converted from a right hand closer and check, to a left hand closer and check, and vice versa, by simply inverting it and connecting the lever arm 11 to the up per end of the shaft.

The disk-35 carrying the pawl 36 has an angular opening to fit the angular end of the shaft, and the pawl is so constructed, preferably by beveling 0r concaving its bearing face, so as to cause it to take under the tooth of the wheel, so that when in engagement with a tooth of the ratchet, it will be positively held in contact by the tensio of the spring 17, hence when the casing is inverted from the position shown in Fig. 3,-

so as to bring the disk 35 at the bottom, there is no danger whatever of the pawl being d7 connected from the toothed wheel by gravity.

departing from the spirit and scope of my invention hence I would have it understood that I do not wish to confine myself to the exact arrangement of parts shown and described but,

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is

1. In a door check, the combination with 'a cylinder, an abutment therein, a shaft and a lever arm secured to the latter, of a wing piston having anextendedbearing against the wall of the cylinder and a loose connection with the shaft, whereby when the door is released and permitted to close under the influence of the spring, the piston will be forced by the pressure of the liquid away from the shaft and against the wall of the cylinder. r

2. In a door check and closer, the combination with a casing made oftwo separable sections, one for the spring, and the other the liquid section, the open end of one section resting and secured within the open end of the other section, of a head loosely mounted on a seat adjacent the'open end of one. of

said sections'and held on said seat by the open end of the other section, anda packing intermediate the two sections of the casing and the removable head.

3.1 The combination with a casing havinga spring chambefand a liquid chamber or cylinder, of a shaftpassing through saidchambers and provided on opposite sides of the liquid chamber with peripheral grooves, packing located within the shaft openings inthe cylinder head, and nuts for compressing't-he packing into'the grooves in-the shaft.

i. In a door secured together intermediate the ends of the casing, thetwo ends. of the casing being substantially alike, of a removable head located within the casing and clamped between the two sections of the latter, the said head dividing the easing into two chambers and forming a centralbearing for the shaft, a

shaft passing through both ends of the cas-' said disk and adapted to engage the toothed wheel, and a lever arm adapted to be attached to either-projecting end of the shaft.

check and closer the com- 'bination with a casing made 1n two parts 6. The combination with a casing, a spring, a piston and a shaft, of a sleeve embracing the shaft, connected to one end of the spring, and provided with .atoothed wheel, and -a disk fixed to theshaft and a pawl pivotally mounted on said disk and adapted to engage the teeth of the wheel,

the engaging face of the pawl being concaved or beveled so as to underlap the teeth of the wheel and be firmly in contact therewith by the spring.

' 7. In a door check, the combination with a cylinder, an abutment therein, a shaft and a lever arm secured to the shaft, of a wing piston mounted in the cylinder and having a loose connection with the shaft, and provided at its outer end with a forwardly projecting lip whereby the pressure of the liquid against the lip will force the piston away from the shaft and against-the wall of the cylinder. 1

8. In adoorcheck, the combination with a liquid cylinder and a piston therein,..of a sleeve surrounding that portion'of theshaft within the liquid chamber and counterbored and grooved to permit liquid forced betweenthe sleeve and shaft to escape.

liquid to the front of the piston during the opening movement and close during the closing movement.

11. In a door check, the combination with a cylinder, an abutment therein, a shaft and a lever arm secured to the latter, of-a wing piston having a grooved inner end, and a forwardly projecting lip at its outer end, whereby the pressure of the liquid against the lip will force the piston away from the shaft and against the wall of the cylinder, and a pin secured to the shaft and resting in the groove in the piston. 12. In a door closer, the combination with a casing made of two separable sections, one forthe spring, and the other the liquid section, the open end-of one section resting and secured within the open end of the other secheld in place by the lower open end of the specificatian in 'the'presence of two subscrib other part, of a single saekir g interposed ing Witnesses. bet-Weenthe two parts of the casing and also between the casing and thecylincler head HT D 5 and held in place by the portion of the cyllVitnesses:

inder casing which holds thghead in place. WARREN H. TAYLOR,

In testimony whereof, I have signed this ELLn-z H. J ONES. 

